This review examines the two surrogacy memoirs of a British heterosexual man who undertook single fatherhood in 1999 and that of a gay man from California who embarked on surrogacy in 2014. One US-based agency reports that between 20 they helped nearly as many heterosexual single parents as gay couples ( Trimmings and Beaumont, 2013: 471) and the American man who started an SFC hotline says about half of the approximately 30 calls he receives each month are from straight men ( Ludden, 2012). Some heterosexual single men are also using surrogacy. The Pop Luck Club for gay fathers in Los Angeles reported that about a quarter of the 240 families in the group in 2008 were headed by single men ( Navarro, 2008). British law, which had restricted parenthood via surrogacy to couples, was changed in 2019 so as not to discriminate against single parents.Ī USA-based nonprofit organisation that helps gay men world-wide use surrogacy sees ‘interest from single men’ as ‘part of a broader surge in gay families' ( Scher, 2018). Some single men adopt, but as the 21st century progresses, surrogacy, particularly gestational surrogacy ( Blake et al., 2016), is becoming a more frequent route. SFC created a Facebook group in 2018 with 137 members, they are getting some press attention, including but not limited to single celebrity dads, and social scientific studies are starting to be undertaken ( Carone et al., 2017, Graham and Braverman, 2012). Single fathers by choice (SFC) are a relatively new, quite small but growing addition to the many family forms that have burgeoned in the USA and UK since the 1970s ( Golombok, 2015: 160–162).
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